LGM and late-glacial fluctuations in the Eastern Alps

摘要: Abstract Studies of glacier development in the Eastern Alps around Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) for more than a hundred years have created reasonably well-based knowledge extent, sedimentation, and palaeoclimate, as well chronology. This was obtained from broad detailed mapping, palynological investigations, radiocarbon dating. Despite very cold climate between 31 21 ka BP, topographical constraints meant that extent limited to tributary valleys main trenches until about 24 BP. Then, rapid ice build-up longitudinal led extended streams piedmont glaciers foreland. virtually ended at ca. according dates organic matter embedded outwash periglacial gravels (Niederterrasse). The LGM possibly lasted 3000–4000 shows short ‘Maximalstand’ prolonged ‘Hochstand’, both connected with deposits. decay apparently fast, vanished probably within some hundreds years. retreat interrupted by two oscillations active contact huge masses inactive occupying valley floors, before these became totally ice-free. These events beginning Oldest Dryas (ca. 16 BP), were followed distinct readvance (Gschnitz) marked end moraines fans. According dates, this occurred 14 During Bolling interstade, almost next readvances (Daun Egesen) cirques higher parts valleys, are dated Older Younger stades respectively.