Focus on the diagnosis and treatment of severe meningitis

摘要: Meningitis is the most common worldwide infection of central nervous system, and bacterial meningitis a potentially life-threatening disease that requires immediate recognition treatment. Community-acquired has an annual incidence 4–6 cases per 100,000 adults, Streptococcus pneumoniae Neisseria meningitidis are responsible for at least 80% all [1], [2]. In surveillance study conducted in 1995 USA, was found to have declined dramatically This finding result vaccine-related decline caused by Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine; USA other industrialised countries, now predominantly adults rather than infants children. Moreover, conjugate vaccines against S. expected reduce childhood pneumococcal significantly [3]. Bacterial also important problem hospitalised patients. review 493 episodes tertiary hospital from 1962 1988 inclusive, 40% were nosocomial origin, with (38%) Gram-negative bacilli. study, mortality rate remained high over time, even 1980s, almost one quarter died, despite advances antibiotic therapy. contrast, it bacillary had decreased since advent third-generation cephalosporins [4].