摘要: Although stem cell therapy has tremendous therapeutic potential, clinical translation of yet to be fully realized. Recently, patient comorbidities and lifestyle choices have emerged important factors in the efficacy therapy. Tobacco usage is an risk factor for numerous diseases, nicotine exposure specifically become increasing more prevalent with rising use electronic cigarettes. This review describes effects on function various cells. We place emphasis differential vitro as well preclinical models. Further research cells will deepen our understanding how can impact outcome therapies.