Scorpionism in Ecuador: First report of severe and fatal envenoming cases from northern Manabí by Tityus asthenes Pocock

摘要: The presence in rural areas of western Ecuador scorpions the genus Tityus capable producing pediatric mortality is hereby evidenced. medical significance has been underestimated partly because clinically unimportant stings delivered by Centruroides margaritatus and Teuthraustes atramentarius, which have venom with low toxicity to vertebrates. Five intra-domiciliary cases scorpion envenoming victims aged between 1.9 16 years old, including one fatality, are reported from settings forest Chone (n = 2) Flavio Alfaro 3) counties, northern Manabi province, Ecuador. Three were graded as Class II (moderate) two III (severe) envenoming. Manifestations showed characteristic autonomic nervous system hyper-stimulation fatality (a 1.9-year-old boy Alfaro) was due cardio-respiratory failure. Marked leukocytosis four (21,800-31,800 cells/mm(3)), notable neutrophilia (58-82%), suggests induction a venom-mediated systemic inflammatory response-like syndrome. Specimens responsible for County, classified asthenes Pocock, accountable severe scorpionism Colombia. These findings demand implementation control therapeutic measures affected Ecuador, evaluation available antivenoms.