Chagas' disease in Aboriginal and Creole communities from the Gran Chaco Region of Argentina: Seroprevalence and molecular parasitological characterization

摘要: Most indigenous ethnias from Northern Argentina live in rural areas of "the Gran Chaco" region, where Trypanosoma cruzi is endemic. Serological and parasitological features have been poorly characterized Aboriginal populations scarce information exist regarding relevant T. discrete typing units (DTU) parasitic loads. This study was focused to characterize infection Qom, Mocoit, Pit'laxa Wichi (N=604) Creole communities (N=257) inhabiting villages two highly endemic provinces the Argentinean Chaco. DNA extracted using Hexadecyltrimethyl Ammonium Bromide reagent peripheral blood samples used for conventional PCR targeted parasite kinetoplastid (kDNA) identification DTUs nuclear genomic markers. In kDNA-PCR positive three "Monte Impenetrable Chaqueno", minicircle signatures were by Low stringency single primer-PCR loads calculated Real-Time PCR. Seroprevalence higher (47.98%) than (27.23%) (Chi square, p=4.e(-8)). A low seroprevalence (4.3%) detected a Qom settlement at suburbs Resistencia city (Fisher Exact test, p=2.e(-21)).The positivity 42.15% 65.71% p=5.e(-4)). Among heterogeneous p=1.e(-4)). Highest (79%) community Colonia Aborigen lowest different surveys Mision Nueva Pompeya (33.3% 2010 20.8% 2014). TcV (or TcII/V/VI) predominant both communities, agreement with DTU distribution reported region. Besides, subjects infected TcVI, one TcI four presented mixed infections plus TcII/VI. clustered according their original localities, but few cases, locality other village, suggesting circulation same strains area. Parasitic ranged undetectable around 50 equivalents/mL, showing values those generally observed chronic Chagas disease patients living urban centers Argentina. Our findings reveal persistence high levels these neglected populations.