Satellite culture : Global positioning systems, Inuit wayfinding, and the need for a new account of technology. Commentaries. Author's reply

摘要: Inuit hunters of the Igloolik region orient themselves on land by understanding wind behaviour, snowdrift patterns, animal tidal cycles, currents, and astronomical phenomena. wayfinding methods are burdensome to learn, requiring years quiet tutoring experience, but perfectly reliable. Concern arose in mid-I990s that younger, less experienced were beginning rely too heavily mechanized conveyances electronic navigational aids. The use global positioning system {GPS} units, particularly, has been steadily growing Igloolik. This paper discusses changes wrought GPS against backdrop interacting social technological change. It argues an these requires a model technology depends patterns created devices rather than (or systems devices) themselves. A paradigmatic theory based work philosopher Albert Borgmann is presented, distinction made between physically socially engaging reduces engagement with experience land, people, local knowledge. suggested there risk turning landscapes into constructed entities or commodities, which what happens figuratively when we attentive map not territory.