Hazards, Infrastructure Networks and Unspecific Resilience

摘要: The aim of this paper is to provide a framework improve urban resilience independently the nature disturbances. Recent disasters had significant impact on critical infrastructures providing essential services such as energy, transportation, telecommunication, water and food supply or health care. Indeed, several natural human-made hazards may lead disruptions, most are networked highly interdependent. Henceforth, building remain focused specific improving resilience, separately, single infrastructures. In order enhance based learnings from three case studies that 2001 WTC terrorist attack, hurricanes Irma Maria in 2017 2016 Seine river flood Paris. These events highlight disruptions services, but also some options. light both literature our studies, unspecific provided for principles, namely omnivory, redundancy, buffering, high flux, homeostasis flatness within electric transportation networks. Rebuilding further discussed with respect all kinds disruptive events.