Direct control: theory and practice.

摘要: Direct control programs intended to minimize the impacts of epidemic mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopk. [Coleoptera: Scolytidae]) populations began 100 years ago. Since then, many tactics have been developed that are capable introducing significant mortality into a population. These include cultural and mechanical treatments, chemical insecticides semiochemical manipulation populations. This chapter reviews suite operational been, currently, used Based upon simple population processes, framework for successful is also presented. considered within larger context over large landscapes where multiple objectives may be desired. Finally, previous attempts at mitigating assessed in relation direct framework. A program requires prompt thorough application most appropriate treatments magnitude dictated by size rate increase.