Targets in Dermal and Transdermal Delivery and Classification of Penetration Enhancement Methods

摘要: The application of drugs via the skin is appealing because it non-invasive and avoids systemic side effects numerous problems associated with conventional routes drug application, i.e. intravenous or oral delivery (e.g. hepatic first pass, food enzymes, pH changes, etc.). In addition to this rate input can be controlled self-administered. target sites body for mode local tissues, regional tissues circulation. penetration through includes route across stratum corneum (intercellular transcellular routes) hair shafts sweat pores. skin’s strong barrier properties make difficult penetrate achieve therapeutic doses at site disease. There are approximately 20 transdermal products on market, number has not shifted much in past decade. Many need help skin. a large methods that enhance dermal as well delivery. These broadly chemical physical, have different modes action used alone synergistically. This chapter brief overview targets penetration.