Extensive cross-environment fitness variation lies along few axes of genetic variation in the model alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

摘要: Variation is essential to ecological and evolutionary dynamics, but genetic variation of quantitative traits may be concentrated in a limited number dimensions, constraining ecoevolutionary dynamics. We describe high-dimension natural accessions the model alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, test hypothesis that extensive fitness across 30 environments constrained small axes. used high-throughput phenotyping investigate morphological, fitness, genotype × environment (G E) 18 C. reinhardtii environments. The organismal phenotypes cell cycle, size, phototactic behavior exhibited substantial between lines, we found up 74-fold Approximately 47% G E accounted for by first two principal components (PCs) G-matrix corresponding covariation metals response, nitrogen availability, or salt nutrient response. supports that, despite abundant single environments, species' adaptive response should along few major axes selection. These results highlight utility integrating research.