Chapter 15. Chemotherapy of Malaria

摘要: Publisher Summary Malaria is caused by the protozoan parasite, Plasmodium , a member of phylum apicomplexan. mainly transmitted female Anopheline mosquito, and in rare cases transfusion infected blood. Infective sporozoites injected mosquito invade hepatic parenchymal cells. The circumsporozoite protein on sporozoite surface attaches to hepatocyte receptor that has been identified be proteoglycan. Research suggests there possibility new transporters, presumably synthesized can blocked chemotherapeutic agents would selectively act parasite-infected cells not normal This substantial importance as malaria becoming increasingly refractory treatment through resistance parasite many anti-malarials. Several classes drugs are widely used therapeutically prophylactically malaria. anti-folates—an example such drug—inhibit DNA synthesis include dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) inhibitors sulfa drugs. cinchona alkaloids or quinoline containing quinine its derivatives (chloroquine, amodiaquine, mefloquine) more frequently used. Other anti-malarials gaining mounts tetracyclines artemisinin derivatives. Drugs, chalcones (1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-lone), have novel potential series screened vitro showed activity against both chloroquine sensitive resistant strains P. falciparum nanomolar range.