Melatonin and the circadian system: contributions to successful female reproduction.

摘要: Objective To summarize the role of melatonin and circadian rhythms in determining optimal female reproductive physiology, especially at peripheral level. Design Databases were searched for related English-language literature published up to March 1, 2014. Only papers peer-reviewed journals are cited. Setting Not applicable. Patient(s) Intervention(s) Melatonin treatment, alterations normal light:dark cycle light exposure night. Main Outcome Measure(s) levels blood ovarian follicular fluid synthesis, oxidative damage rhythm disturbances organs. Result(s) The central regulatory system is located suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). output this master clock synchronized 24 hours by prevailing light-dark cycle. SCN regulates cells via autonomic nervous it sends a neural message pineal gland where controls cyclic production melatonin; after its release, strengthens oscillators. also produced organs, including granulosa cells, cumulus oophorus, oocyte. These along with blood, may contribute fluid, which has higher than those blood. powerful free radical scavenger protects oocyte from stress, time ovulation. pass through placenta aid organization fetal SCN. In absence synchronizing effect, offspring exhibit neurobehavioral deficits. Also, developing fetus stress. likewise preserve function organ. Conclusion(s) Both stable availability critical physiology placental function. Because darkness onset night disrupts suppresses elevated nocturnal levels, should be avoided.