Modelling sexual segregation in ungulates: effects of group size, activity budgets and synchrony

摘要: Abstract Sexual segregation is common in ungulates and some social mammals but its causes are still poorly understood. We developed an individual-based, spatially explicit simulation model to test whether sexual differences activity could lead segregation. In our model, males females differed only their propensity switch from active a passive state vice versa, with being more reluctant get up ready lie down than the females, or versa. The factor that affected was difference As budgets increased, degree of increased. reached peak when were greatest. This high level remained, even animals programmed adjust other vicinity. Our results verify logic budget hypothesis time spent (grazing, walking) versus (lying, ruminating) can, principle, result However, this does not exclude alternative mechanisms. also be applied any animal foraging groups. Copyright 2002 Association for Study Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.