Glycerol. Biochemistry, pharmacokinetics and clinical and practical applications.

摘要: Glycerol is a naturally occurring 3-carbon alcohol in the human body. It structural backbone of triacylglycerol molecules, and can also be converted to glycolytic substrate for subsequent metabolism. Serum glycerol concentrations approximate 0.05 mmol/L at rest, increase 0.30 during increased lipolysis associated with prolonged exercise or caloric restriction. When ingested infused doses greater than 1.0 g/kg bodyweight, serum approximately 20 mmol/L, resulting more 10 mOsmol/kg osmolality. infusion ingestion have been used research settings almost 60 years, widespread clinical use between 1961 1980 treatment cerebral oedema from acute ischaemic stroke, intraocular hypertension (glaucoma), intracranial hypertension, postural syncope improved rehydration gastrointestinal disease. Since 1987, added fluid has total body water (glycerol hyperhydration) by up 700 ml, thereby providing benefits thermoregulation endurance exposure hot environments. Despite small number studies on hyperhydration exercise, it appears an effective method improving tolerance other heat-related stressors.