摘要: Behavioral methods are extensively used in pain research. Rodent modeling tends to rely on evoked responses but there is a growing interest behavioral readouts that may capture elements of ongoing and disability, reflecting the major clinical signs symptoms. Clinically, analgesics show greater efficacy acute after standard surgery than chronic conditions never completely effective population basis. In contrast, experimental pharmacological studies rodents often demonstrate full efficacy, variability sensitivity between models readouts. Full rarely seen when more complex or multiple quantify behavior, especially animals. Models with excellent for particular drug class exist suitable screening mechanistically similar drugs. However, if compare drugs different modes action predict magnitude these will be misleading. Effective use pharmacology research thus dependent selection validation best purpose.