Respiration and Oxidative Phosphorylation in Mycobacteria

摘要: The genus Mycobacterium comprises a group of obligately aerobic bacteria that have adapted to inhabit wide range intracellular and extracellular environments. A fundamental feature in this adaptation is the ability mycobacteria respire generate energy for growth or sustain latency. Mycobacteria harbor multiple primary dehydrogenases fuel electron transport chain two terminal respiratory oxidases, an aa 3 -type cytochrome c oxidase bd-type menaquinol oxidase, are present dioxygen reduction coupled generation protonmotive force. In mycobacteria, Type II NADH favoured over complex I oxidation menaquinone acts as conduit between electron-donating electron-accepting reactions. molecular mechanisms regulating expression components remains unknown. Despite being obligate aerobes, metabolize absence oxygen number reductases facilitate turnover reducing equivalents under these conditions (e.g., nitrate reductase, fumarate reductase). Hydrogenases ferredoxins also genomes suggesting adapt anaerobic-type metabolism oxygen. exact roles hydrogenases poorly understood. ATP synthesis by membrane-bound F1FO-ATP synthase (see Chap. 6) essential growing non-growing enzyme able function proton-motive force values (aerobic hypoxic). Research into mycobacterial respiration oxidative phosphorylation been energized discovery new drug (TMC207) targets inhibitors will provide next front line drugs combat tuberculosis nontuberculous disease.