Conservation Planning for Coral Reefs Accounting for Climate Warming Disturbances.

摘要: Incorporating warming disturbances into the design of marine protected areas (MPAs) is fundamental to developing appropriate conservation actions that confer coral reef resilience. We propose an MPA approach includes spatially- and temporally-varying sea-surface temperature (SST) data, integrating both observed (1985–2009) projected (2010–2099) time-series. derived indices acute (time under reduced ecosystem function following short-term events) chronic thermal stress (rate warming) combined them delineate thermal-stress regimes. Coral reefs located on Brazilian coast were used as a case study because they are considered priority in southwestern Atlantic Ocean. show all Brazil have experienced continue experience warming, while events expected increase frequency intensity. formulated quantitative objectives for regimes stress. Based these objectives, we then evaluated if/how achieved existing MPAs identified where additional protection would reinforce Our results that, although current system incorporates locations within some our regimes, historical future refugia along central completely unprotected. applicable other ecosystems adds previous planning climate change two ways: (i) by demonstrating how spatially configure meet disturbance using temporally-explicit data; (ii) strategically allocating different forms spatial management (MPA types) intended mitigate impacts also enhance resistance warming.