30. Influence of wind and windbreaks on local dispersal of insects

摘要: Abstract Insect dispersal is affected by the wind and as a result, influenced presence of windbreaks. Wind reductions, microclimate modifications vegetative diversity, influence insect distribution in sheltered areas. Wingless insects very small generally depend on air currents to carry them new sites, but they tend settle areas with low windspeeds. It often more advantageous for flying remain within its boundary layer where windspeeds are lower than insect's flight speed. Flying accumulate reduced windspeed have greater control flight; however, patterns can be modified directed movements response olfactory visual stimuli. Many species attracted food shelter Windbreaks concentrate particular Insects leeward windbreaks compared unsheltered sites. The pattern may windspeed, angle incidence wind, permeability windbreak, turbulence, source (windbreak, local fields, upwind sites), behavior, composition. Windbreak vegetation serve pests their natural enemies infestation levels adjacent fields will relative abundance. Knowledge these should considered when designing pest-management strategies.