Altered thymic CD4+ T-cell recovery after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is critical for nocardiosis

摘要: Abstract Purpose of the study Nocardia affects immunocompromised human host exhibiting an altered cell-mediated immunity. Infectious risk after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (AHCT) is significantly correlated to recovery status donor-derived immune system, especially CD4+ T-cells reconstitution and thymopoiesis. The purpose this paper highlight a lack immunity for patients presenting nocardiosis compared control cohort. Patients methods This case retrospective monocentric study. We retrospectively analyzed cohort 15 cases AHCT we explored degree patients’ immunosuppression by phenotyping circulating lymphoid subpopulations, including NK cells, CD8+ T-cells, CD19+ B-cells. focused on T-cell subsets appreciate thymic output, naive (NTE, CD45RA+/RO− T-cells) recent emigrants (RTE, CD4+CD45RA+/RO−/CD31+). Infected were paired with identical characteristics screened hematological disease, conditioning, primary graft-versus-host disease (GHVD) prophylaxis, graft type, sex, age, season at data concerning immunological compared. Results At onset nocardiosis, lymphocytes means count respectively 730/μL 162/μL. CD56+ cells B-cells 362/μL, 160/μL, 112/μL. production was impaired NTE RTE 26/μL 11/μL respectively. Comparison between over time significant lower cellular lymphocytes, p = 0.001, p  Conclusion Immune monitoring follow-up particular importance identify susceptible develop Nocardiosis. Efficient microbiological investigations toward such PCR should be used in compatible clinical presentation.