摘要: Colorectal cancer affects approx 140,000 people in the United States each year, resulting more than 55,000 deaths. develops as result of progressive accumulation genetic and epigenetic alterations that lead to transformation normal colonic epithelium colon adenocarcinoma. The loss genomic stability is a key molecular pathophysiological step this process serves create permissive environment for occurrence tumor suppressor genes oncogenes. Alterations these genes, which include APC, CTNNB1, KRAS2, BRAF, MADH4/SMAD4, TP53, PIK3CA, TGFBR2, appear promote tumorigenesis by perturbing function signaling pathways, such transforming growth factor-β PI3K or affecting regulate stability, mutation mismatch repair genes.
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