Parasites in ungulates of Arctic North America and Greenland: a view of contemporary diversity, ecology, and impact in a world under change.

摘要: Abstract Parasites play an important role in the structure and function of arctic ecosystems, systems that are currently experiencing unprecedented rate change due to various anthropogenic perturbations, including climate change. Ungulates such as muskoxen, caribou, moose Dall’s sheep also components northern ecosystems a source food income, well focus for maintenance cultural traditions, northerners. ungulates can influence host health, population dynamics quality, quantity safety meat other products animal origin consumed by people. In this article, we provide contemporary view diversity nematode, cestode, trematode, protozoan arthropod parasites subarctic North America Greenland. We explore intricate associations among parasite assemblages identify key issues gaps knowledge emerge regime accelerating environmental transition.