Geographic structure of human genetic variation: medical and evolutionary implications

摘要: The geographic structure of human populations can be summarized by two numbers: 85 and 15, keywords: Continuous Genetic Change (CGC), outliers. Eighty-five fifteen percent the global variation represent, on average, genetic differences within between populations, respectively. CGC characterizes most groups at different scales; outlier or isolates, generated types barriers to gene flow, punctuate with peaks clinal landscape. presence this patterning, probably consistent across genome some exceptions, has several biomedical evolutionary implications. However, its origin evolution is only partially understood, distribution selectively important genes still poorly investigated. Major efforts in these directions, as well study potential population outliers, will great importance better define predict implications future our structure. Keywords: human evolution; population structure; genetic variation; Fst; clines