International Versus National Actions Against Nitrogen Pollution of the Baltic Sea

摘要: Large nitrogen loads to the Baltic Sea play an important role for currentdamages caused by eutrophication: large sea bottom areas without anybiological life, low stocks of cods, and toxic blue green algae. In spite therelatively supply biological physical data on sea,difficulties remain with respect linking costs reductions withthe dispersion associated benefits among countries. The purpose thisstudy is therefore analyse calculate efficient reductionsand net under international co-ordination nitrogenreductions single country actions two different specifications ofmarginal benefits: uniform differentiated. Further, comparisons aremade current ministerial agreement 50 per cent nitrogenreduction Sea. empirical results show that total netbenefits internationally co-ordinated are considerablyhigher than when countries act their own. Another result thatdifferentiated give higher uniform, alsoimply larger differences in However, resultsindicate marginal generate allcountries from as compared actions.