Monocyte-Derived IL-5 Reduces TNF Production by Mycobacterium tuberculosis–specific CD4 T Cells during SIV/M. tuberculosis Coinfection

摘要: HIV-infected individuals are significantly more susceptible to tuberculosis (TB) than uninfected individuals. Although it is established that HIV reduces Mycobacterium tuberculosis–specific T cell responses, the causes of this dysfunction not known. We used cynomolgus macaque model TB demonstrate ex vivo SIV frequency M. TNF and IFN-γ–producing cells within 24 h after infection. In vivo, IFN-γ responses in granulomas from animals with SIV/M. coinfection were lower SIV-negative active TB. The effects on inhibition primarily APCs directly. Specifically, reductions TNF-producing CD4 caused, at least part, by SIV-induced production monocyte derived IL-5.