Genetic Modification of Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.) for Quality Improvement and Production of Novel Compounds

摘要: Introduction Alfalfa, a perennial herbaceous forage crop, known as lucerne, extensively grown in the world, is utilised hay, silage and for pasture. It valuable feed many classes of livestock, because large dry biomass yield, high protein, minerals vitamins content. Due to its ability nitrogen fixation alfalfa enriches soil, reduces need fertilization supports growth other plants. This legume crop considerable agronomical importance Bulgaria, where presently occupies about 160 000 hectares. Improvement some genetic characters like resistance abiotic biotic stress, protein quality digestibility, could significantly increase yield nutritional value alfalfa. highly heterozygosity almost self-incompatibility such improvement definitely difficult by classical means. Possessing good regeneration ability, this fodder suitable candidate modification via unconventional approaches. Agrobacterium mediated gene transfer has been basically used transformation embryogenic genotypes (11, 16, 36, 42). revealed that efficiency through genotype dependent (19) order overcome limitation an alternative technique direct was applied. Transformed plants were obtained particle bombardment calli (40) pollen (44). Efficient transformation, also achieved microinjection (45) electroporation ( 30).