Spatial Niche Segregation of Sympatric Stone Marten and Pine Marten – Avoidance of Competition or Selection of Optimal Habitat?

摘要: Coexistence of ecologically similar species relies on differences in one or more dimensions their ecological niches, such as space, time and resources diel and/or seasonal scales. However, niche differentiation may result from other mechanisms avoidance high predation pressure, different adaptations requirements species. Stone marten (Martes foina) pine martes) occur sympatrically over a large area Central Europe utilize habitats food, therefore it is expected that coexistence requires at least the through which these are used. To test this hypothesis, we used activity patterns habitat selection, estimated with resource selection function (RSF), to predict relative probability occurrence two within forest complex northern geographic range stone marten. martens were significantly heavier, have longer body better condition than martens. We found weak evidence for temporal segregation between both primarily nocturnal, but active frequently during day reduced duration autumn-winter. utilized almost completely separated niches. strongly preferred developed areas avoided meadows coniferous deciduous forests. Pine small patches covered by trees, meadows. conclude complete facilitates sympatric area. spatial was likely due adaptation cold climate, predator pressure food preferences competitive interaction them.