Clinical trials in progressive multiple sclerosis: lessons learned and future perspectives.

摘要: Progressive multiple sclerosis is characterised clinically by the gradual accrual of disability independent relapses and can occur with disease onset (primary progressive) or be preceded a relapsing course (secondary progressive). An effective disease-modifying treatment for progressive has not yet been identified, so far results clinical trials have generally disappointing. Ongoing advances in knowledge pathogenesis, identification novel targets neuroprotection, improved outcome measures could lead to treatments sclerosis. In this Series paper, we summarise lessons learned from completed perspectives progress We review promising clinical, imaging, biological markers, along designs, trials. The use more refined outcomes truly neuroprotective drugs, coupled efficient trial design, capacity deliver new era therapeutic discovery challenging area.