Characterization and benchmarking of seven managed aquifer recharge systems in south-western Europe

摘要: The European MARSOL project includes different examples of managed aquifer recharge (MAR) facilities in the Mediterranean area. A methodical characterization of whole process has been carried out to ensure that all functions and are clearly comparable independent size, budget or location. seven selected MAR demo sites located two countries. Four Portugal—Rio Seco Noras (Campina de Faro Aquifer), S. Bartolomeu Messines Cerro do Bardo (Querenca-Silves) Algarve, three Spain—Llobregat (Catalonia), Santiuste El Carracillo (Castilla y Leon). systems have defined using a form divided into four sections, including alpha-numerical data, orthophotographs, sketches schedules. first draft bibliography was reviewed by authors, who recorded detailed analysis further reports complete characterization, as shown several tables. article covers benchmarking serial steps for infrastructure measurements (surfaces, lengths, facilities, costs), categorization (transport, infiltration, treatment, restoration) evolution time space (maps, calendars). measuring displays contrasting interpretations depending on scale. found be difficult apply with sizes, aims, operational procedures scales. However, some parameters, such mean infiltration rate, their potential management decision tools long term. areas, characterized water supply irregularity, which is likely exacerbated climate change models, can benefit from use technique its diverse functions, although these objectives not generally attached recharge. Null energy cost low initial investment also play important roles boosting development feasible alternative short-term planning.