Microphysical Structure and Evolution of a Central Sierra Nevada Orographic Cloud System
作者： Robert M. Rauber
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0450(1992)031<0003:MSAEOA>2.0.CO;2
关键词:
摘要: Abstract This paper describes complex microphysical interactions observed within an orographic cloud system over the central Sierra Nevada of California. Measurements physical structure and characteristics this were made during Cooperative Pilot Project (SCPP) with a 5-cm scanning radar, instrumented aircraft, two rawinsonde stations, network precipitation gauges across mountain. The extended 130 km upwind crestline, was 4 deep, had base temperature +5°C, top approximately −15°C. Cloud droplets rising from grew to sizes >50 μm first encountered dendritic ice particles descending middle elevations Nevada. Within region, rapid removal large by riming occurred, secondary ice-crystal production due rime splintering observed. Needles produced ice-particle incorporated into ...
harvard.edu
sci-hub.se 参考文章(33)
Wayne R. Sand, William A. Cooper, Marcia K. Politovich, Donald L. Veal, Icing Conditions Encountered by a Research Aircraft Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology. ,vol. 23, pp. 1427- 1440 ,(1984) , 10.1175/0733-3021-23.10.1427
Robert M. Rauber, Lewis O. Grant, Da Xiong Feng, J. B. Snider, The Characteristics and Distribution of Cloud Water over the Mountains of Northern Colorado during Wintertime Storms. Part I: Temporal Variations Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. ,vol. 25, pp. 468- 488 ,(1986) , 10.1175/1520-0450(1986)025<0468:TCADOC>2.0.CO;2
Todd A. Cerni, Determination of the Size and Concentration of Cloud Drops with an FSSP Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. ,vol. 22, pp. 1346- 1355 ,(1983) , 10.1175/1520-0450(1983)022<1346:DOTSAC>2.0.CO;2
Glenn L. Gordon, John D. Martwitz, Hydrometeor Evolution in Rainbands over the California Valley Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. ,vol. 43, pp. 1087- 1100 ,(1986) , 10.1175/1520-0469(1986)043<1087:HEIROT>2.0.CO;2
Marcia K. Politovich, Gabor Vali, Observations of Liquid Water in Orographic Clouds over Elk Mountain Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. ,vol. 40, pp. 1300- 1312 ,(1983) , 10.1175/1520-0469(1983)040<1300:OOLWIO>2.0.CO;2
Robert M. Rauber, Lewis O. Grant, The Characteristics and Distribution of Cloud Water over the Mountains of Northern Colorado during Wintertime Storms. Part II: Spatial Distribution and Microphysical Characteristics. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. ,vol. 25, pp. 489- 504 ,(1986) , 10.1175/1520-0450(1986)025<0489:TCADOC>2.0.CO;2
Robert M. Rauber, Lewis O. Grant, Supercooled Liquid Water Structure of a Shallow Orographic Cloud System in Southern Utah Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. ,vol. 26, pp. 208- 215 ,(1987) , 10.1175/1520-0450(1987)026<0208:SLWSOA>2.0.CO;2
Arlen W. Huggins, Alfred R. Rodi, Physical Response of Convective Clouds over the Sierra Nevada to Seeding with Dry Ice. Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology. ,vol. 24, pp. 1082- 1098 ,(1985) , 10.1175/1520-0450(1985)024<1082:PROCCO>2.0.CO;2
B. F. Ryan, E. R. Wishart, D. E. Shaw, The Growth Rates and Densities of Ice Crystals between −3°C and −21°C Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. ,vol. 33, pp. 842- 850 ,(1976) , 10.1175/1520-0469(1976)033<0842:TGRADO>2.0.CO;2
J. Walter Strapp, Robert S. Schemenauer, Calibrations of Johnson-Williams Liquid Water Content Meters in a High-Speed Icing Tunnel. Journal of Applied Meteorology. ,vol. 21, pp. 98- 108 ,(1982) , 10.1175/1520-0450(1982)021<0098:COJWLW>2.0.CO;2