Unraveling the Mystery of Cancer by Secretory microRNA: Horizontal microRNA Transfer between Living Cells

摘要: microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as a fine-tuner in wide array of biological processes, including development, organogenesis, metabolism, and homeostasis. Deregulation miRNAs causes diseases, especially cancer. This occurs through variety mechanisms, such genetic alterations, epigenetic regulation, or altered expression transcription factors, which target miRNAs. Recently, it was discovered that extracellular circulate the blood both healthy diseased patients. Since RNase is abundant bloodstream, most secretory are contained apoptotic bodies, microvesicles, exosomes bound to RNA-binding proteins. However, mechanism function, well significance miRNAs, remain largely unclear. In this article, we summarize latest significant discoveries recent peer-reviewed research on miRNA involvement many aspects physiological pathological conditions, with special focus addition, discuss new aspect cancer revealed by emergence “secretory miRNA.”