作者: Rupert Langer , Karen Becker
DOI: 10.1007/S00428-017-2232-X
关键词:
摘要: Neoadjuvant therapy has been successfully introduced in the treatment of locally advanced gastrointestinal malignancies, particularly esophageal, gastric, and rectal cancers. The effects preoperative chemo- or radiochemotherapy can be determined by histopathological investigation resection specimen following this treatment. Frequent histological findings after neoadjuvant include various amounts residual tumor, inflammation, resorptive changes with infiltrates foamy histiocytes, foreign body reactions, scarry fibrosis. Several tumor regression grading (TRG) systems, which aim to categorize amount regressive cytotoxic primary sites, have proposed for gastroesophageal carcinomas. These systems primarily refer therapy-induced fibrosis relation (e.g., Mandard, Dworak, AJCC systems) estimated percentage previous site Becker, Rodel, Rectal Cancer Regression Grading systems). TRGs provide valuable prognostic information, as most cases, complete subtotal is associated better patient outcomes. This review describes typical treatment, discusses commonly used TRG carcinomas, addresses limitations critical issues these tumors, clinical impact TRG.