Human occupation of Iberia prior to the Jaramillo magnetochron (>1.07 Myr)

摘要: Abstract The first migration out of Africa undertaken by the genus Homo is documented in Georgia at 1.8 Myr (Dmanisi) and some 0.4 afterwards Middle East (’Ubeidiya). However, debate on when European continent was populated for time remains open. human presence Europe prior to Jaramillo subchron (1.07–0.99 Myr) evidenced Fuente Nueva 3 Barranco Leon D (Orce) Sima del Elefante (Atapuerca), an occupation that seems have continued through Gran Dolina TD3–4 TD5 Vallparadis (Barcelona), up Matuyama–Brunhes boundary TD6. Even so, those who still defend a ‘short chronology’ espouse intermittent early population limited Mediterranean area, delaying until after Jaramillo. These hypotheses fail explain what factors were behind absence this period, bearing mind there populations hominins gates between 1 0.5 before archaeological record Western Europe. Paleomagnetic analyses sites are rarely able detect due its short duration, while radiometric dating methods (U-series/ESR) usually applied accuracy they can achieve chronologies question. limitations make it necessary depend biostratigraphy small large mammals ascertain with precision colonization continent. Accordingly, present article we discuss chronological data from older Iberian using biostratigraphic establish sequence demonstrates expansion hominin Southern