Structural and Evolutionary Analyses of the Ty3/gypsy Group of LTR Retrotransposons in the Genome of Anopheles gambiae

作者: Jose Manuel C. Tubío , Horacio Naveira , Javier Costas

DOI: 10.1093/MOLBEV/MSH251

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摘要: The recent availability of the genome Anopheles gambiae offers an extraordinary opportunity for comparative studies diversity transposable elements (TEs) and their evolutionary dynamics between two related species, taking advantage existing information from Drosophila melanogaster. To this goal, we screened A. belonging to Ty3/gypsy group long-terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons. displays a rich LTR retrotransposons, clearly greater than D. We have characterized in detail 63 families, five nine main lineages group. Mag lineage is most diverse abundant, with more 30 families. In sharp contrast finding, single family has been found melanogaster, here reported first time literature, probably consisting old inactive elements. CsRn1 also abundant but almost absent Conversely, Osvaldo detected not Anopheles. Comparison structural characteristics different families led identification several lineage-specific features such as primer-binding site (PBS), gag-pol translational recoding signal (TRS), which extraordinarily within retrotransposons gambiae, or presence/absence specific amino acid motifs. Interestingly, some these characteristics, although general well conserved lineages, may evolved independently particular branches phylogenetic tree. show evidence activity around 75% Nevertheless, all contain high proportion degenerate members solitary LTRs (solo LTRs), indicative lower turnover rate Finally, significant overrepresentations insertions on X chromosome versus autosomes putatively active euchromatin heterochromatin.

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