The impact of biotechnology and molecular biology on the pharmaceutical industry

摘要: Biotechnology had its initial impact on the pharmaceutical industry well before perceived time. The use of fermentation technology to produce antibiotics was a cornerstone for development industry. This event both cloning (BC) and DNA (rather than after – AD). Even now antibiotic market, which is worth over 10 billion U.S. dollars year, most valuable segment total (c.200 per year). Nevertheless biotechnology in drug discovery until recently solely be recombinant techniques therapeutic proteins modified versions them by protein engineering.There are several other places where genetic engineering influencing discovery. expression surrogate systems (e.g. E. coli, yeast or via baculovirus infection mammalian cells) provides materials structure determination HIV protease) structure/function studies various receptors). Recombinant assay allowing access sufficient quantity high throughput screening.In addition, screening organisms can constructed particular function measured microorganism complementation reporter gene expression.Transgenic animals also illustrate power Not only will transgenic rats mice used as models disease but efficacy toxicological profiling. What learned rodents may set scene somatic cell therapy humans.