Lilly lecture 1990. Molecular defects in diabetes mellitus.

摘要: The application of molecular biology to problems in diabetes mellitus has begun reveal the underlying defects contributing development hyperglycemia. Islet amyloid represents most common pathological lesion occurring islets NIDDM subjects. use both biochemistry and lead identification major protein component human islet elucidation structure its precursor. This protein, termed polypeptide, is related two neuropeptides, calcitonin gene-related peptides 1 2, a new beta-cell secretory product whose normal physiological function remains be determined. also led better understanding insulin resistance. Characterization insulin-receptor gene patients with extreme forms resistance resulted mutations that impair tissue action insulin. Molecular biological approaches have regulation glucose transport. They revealed there family structurally proteins encoded by distinct genes expressed tissue-specific manner are responsible for transport across plasma membrane. Moreover, they shown specific depletion glucose-transporter isoform mediates insulin-stimulated decreased activity adipose insulin-resistant states.