Changes in Human Fecal Microbiota Due to Chemotherapy Analyzed by TaqMan-PCR, 454 Sequencing and PCR-DGGE Fingerprinting

摘要: Background We investigated whether chemotherapy with the presence or absence of antibiotics against different kinds cancer changed gastrointestinal microbiota. Methodology/Principal Findings Feces 17 ambulant patients receiving without concomitant were analyzed before and after cycle at four time points in comparison to gender-, age- lifestyle-matched healthy controls. We targeted 16S rRNA genes all bacteria, Bacteroides, bifidobacteria, Clostridium cluster IV XIVa as well C. difficile TaqMan qPCR, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprinting high-throughput sequencing. After a significant drop abundance microbiota (p = 0.037) following single treatment recovered within few days. The chemotherapeutical marginally affected Bacteroides while significantly more sensitive antibiotic treatment. DGGE showed decreased diversity response being particularly by antibiotics. occurrence three out seventeen subjects was accompanied decrease genera Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Veillonella Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Enterococcus faecium increased chemotherapy. Conclusions/Significance Despite high individual variations, these results suggest that observed changes human gut may favor colonization C.difficile faecium. Perturbed be target for specific mitigation safe pre- probiotics.