Vitamin A-storing cells (stellate cells).

摘要: Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs; also called as vitamin A-storing cells, lipocytes, interstitial fat-storing Ito cells) exist in the space between parenchymal and sinusoidal endothelial of hepatic lobule, store 80% A whole body retinyl palmitate lipid droplets cytoplasm. In physiological conditions, these play pivotal roles regulation homeostasis; they express specific receptors for retinol-binding protein (RBP), a binding retinol, on their cell surface, take up complex retinol RBP by receptor-mediated endocytosis. HSCs Arctic animals such polar bears foxes 20-100 times levels found human or rat. an important role liver regeneration. gradient A-storage capacity exists among SCs lobule. The was expressed symmetrical biphasic distribution starting at periportal zone, peaking middle sloping down toward central zone pathological conditions fibrosis, lose synthesize large amount extracellular matrix (ECM) components including collagen, proteoglycan, adhesive glycoproteins. Morphology changes from star-shaped to that fibroblasts myofibroblasts. three-dimensional structure ECM regulate reversibly morphology, proliferation, functions HSCs. Molecular mechanisms reversible imply surface integrin-binding followed signal transduction processes then cytoskeleton assembly. extrahepatic organs pancreas, lung, kidney, intestine. form SC system.