Chromatin swelling drives neutrophil extracellular trap release.

摘要: Neutrophilic granulocytes are able to release their own DNA as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) capture and eliminate pathogens. expulsion (NETosis) has also been documented for other cells organisms, thus highlighting the evolutionary conservation of this process. Moreover, dysregulated NETosis implicated in many diseases, including cancer inflammatory disorders. During NETosis, neutrophils undergo dynamic dramatic alterations cellular well sub-cellular morphology whose biophysical basis is poorly understood. Here we investigate real-time on single-cell level using fluorescence atomic force microscopy. Our results show that highly organized into three distinct phases with a clear point no return defined by chromatin status. Entropic swelling major physical driving causes cell changes rupture both nuclear envelope plasma membrane. Through its material properties, directly orchestrates complex biological