Recent advances in understanding corticotroph pituitary tumor initiation and progression.

摘要: Cushing's disease is the most frequent form of hypercortisolism and caused by hypophyseal corticotroph adenomas secreting excessive amounts adrenocorticotropic hormone. Most tumors develop sporadically only a limited number have been found to be associated with different neuroendocrine syndromes or familial isolated pituitary adenomas. The pathogenic mechanisms are largely unknown, but discovered aberrant chaperoning activity heat shock protein 90 on one hand presence ubiquitin-specific protease 8 mutations other partially explained causes their development. Corticotroph arise initially as benign microadenomas time invasively growing aggressive macroadenomas which can switch carcinomas in extremely rare cases. through escape from glucocorticoid negative feedback still poorly understood, processes that trigger progression toward malignant phenotypes. This review summarizes recent findings regarding initiation tumors.