Neurobiology of disaster exposure: fear, anxiety, trauma, and resilience

摘要: This chapter reviews the findings of human and animal studies which have characterized normal function in sympathetic nervous system (SNS) hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, then briefly describes post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-associated abnormalities seen each system. Neurobiological models structure, neurochemistry brain evolved significantly as a result recent input from neuroimaging studies. In years several neurochemicals been associated with resilience. humans, PTSD primarily focused on amygdala, hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex. Multidisciplinary that use neurochemical, neuroimaging, genetic, psychosocial approaches may future clarify complex relationships between genotype, phenotype, psychobiological responses to stress. Pharmacological intervention aimed at treating early severe symptoms are known be predictive later PTSD, such excessive arousal, is one possible avenue study.