Not as Ubiquitous as We Thought: Taxonomic Crypsis, Hidden Diversity and Cryptic Speciation in the Cosmopolitan Fungus Thelonectria discophora (Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Ascomycota)

摘要: The distribution of microbial species, including fungi, has long been considered cosmopolitan. Recently, this perception challenged by molecular studies in historical biogeography, phylogeny and population genetics. Here we explore issue using the fungal morphological species Thelonectria discophora, one most common fungi family Nectriaceae, encountered almost all geographic regions as a cosmopolitan taxon. In order to determine if T. discophora is single or an assemblage sibling conducted various phylogenetic analyses, standard gene concatenation, Bayesian concordance methods, coalescent-based tree reconstruction on isolates collected from wide range. Results show that diversity among referred greatly underestimated it represents complex. Within complex, sixteen distinct highly supported lineages were recovered, each which restricted ecology. taxonomic status regarded reconsidered, assumed rejected. We discuss how assumptions about geographically widespread have implications regarding their taxonomy, true diversity, biological conservation, ecological functions.