Prospective Life Cycle Assessment of the Increased Electricity Demand Associated with the Penetration of Electric Vehicles in Spain

摘要: The penetration of electric vehicles (EV) seems to be a forthcoming reality in the transport sector worldwide, involving significant increases electricity demand. However, many countries such as Spain have not yet set binding policy targets this regard. When compared business-as-usual situation, work evaluates life-cycle consequences increased demand Spanish road technology mix until 2050. This is done by combining Life Cycle Assessment and Energy Systems Modelling under three alternative scenarios based on low, medium, or high rate EV. In all cases, EV deployment found involve relatively small percentage (<4%) final Wind power waste-to-energy plants arise main technologies responsible for meeting associated with penetration. considering market (20 million 2050), highest annual impacts potentially caused additional are 0.93 Mt CO2 eq, 0.25 kDALY, 30.34 PJ terms climate change, human health, resources, respectively. Overall, concluded slightly affect national generation sector, whereas it could dramatically reduce conventional transport.