Functional Conservation and Divergence ofdaf-22Paralogs inPristionchus pacificusDauer Development

摘要: Small-molecule signaling in nematode dauer formation has emerged as a major model to study chemical communication development and evolution. Developmental arrest nonfeeding stress-resistant larvae represents the survival dispersal strategy. Detailed studies Caenorhabditis elegans Pristionchus pacificus revealed that small-molecule changes rapidly evolution resulting extreme structural diversity of compounds. In C. elegans, blend ascarosides constitutes pheromone, whereas P. pheromone includes additional paratosides integrates building blocks from diverse primary metabolic pathways. Despite this complexity structures functions, little is known about biosynthesis small molecules nematodes outside Here, we show genes encoding enzymes peroxisomal β-oxidation pathway involved evolve rapidly, including gene duplications domain switching. The thiolase daf-22, most downstream factor β-oxidation, duplicated pacificus, Ppa-daf-22.1, which still contains sterol-carrier-protein (SCP) was lost Ppa-daf-22.2. Using CRISPR/Cas9 system, induced mutations both daf-22 identified an unexpected functional conservation divergence. Under well-fed conditions, ascaroside proceeds exclusively via Ppa-daf-22.1 contrast, starvation conditions induce Ppa-daf-22.2 activity, production specific subset ascarosides. Gene expression indicate reciprocal up-regulation Ppa-daf-22 genes, is, however, independent starvation. Thus, our reveals