Wildlife Friendly Roads: The Impacts of Roads on Wildlife in Urban Areas and Potential Remedies

摘要: Roads are one of the most important factors affecting ability wildlife to live and move within an urban area. physically replace habitat often reduce quality nearby, fragment remaining habitat, cause increased mortality through vehicle collisions. Much ecological research on roads has focused whether animals successfully crossing roads, or if road is a barrier movement, gene flow, functional connectivity. can alter survival reproduction for wildlife, even among species such as birds that cross easily. Here we examine suite potential impacts but focus particularly settings. We report studies, both in literature from our own experience, have addressed landscapes. Although ecology growing field study, relatively little this research, few mitigation projects, been done also draw available science rural areas when case studies not fully key topics.