On the interannual variability of the Indian monsoon and the Southern Oscillation

摘要: The mechanisms of the interannual variability Indian monsoon are investigated from observations in Ocean sector through correlation and stratification techniques. Years with abundant Southwest rainfall India characterized by anomalously low pressure over South Asia adjacent waters, enhanced cross-equatorial flow western, increased cloudiness northern portion Ocean, continuing pre-monsoon post-monsoon season; positive temperature anomalies land Arabian Sea season, changing to negative departures after onset. following causality chain is suggested: warm surfaces ocean season induce a thermal low, thus enhancing northward directed gradient, favoring vigorous Ocean. After onset cooled evaporation, ausrface waters various wind stress effects. However, latent heat release can now maintain meridional topography gradients essential circulation.