Coptobrycon bilineatus (Ellis, 1911) (Characiformes: Characidae): redescription and comments on its phylogenetic relationships

摘要: Coptobrycon bilineatus (Ellis, 1911) is redescribed on the basis of specimens from District Paranapiacaba, Municipality Santo Andre, upper rio Tiete, and additional ones recently collected in a small coastal river system Serra do Mar, very near headwaters Tiete. The genus was compared to other Characidae lacking supraorbital, it seems be more phylogenetically related Grundulus based possession various putative apomorphic character states to: absence rhinosphenoid fourth, fifth (sometimes) sixth infraorbitals; nasal pores separated; nares with up six lamellae; cephalic laterosensory poorly developed supraorbital infraorbital series; globose scapula. Furthermore, are characterized by adipose fin, series parietal, humeral spot, reduction lateral musculature front first pleural rib between second ribs. Biogeographic comments also provided.