A model for studies of tropospheric ozone and nonmethane hydrocarbons: Model evaluation of ozone-related species

摘要: [1] A global three-dimensional model for studies of the tropospheric chemistry HOx, ozone, and their precursors is thoroughly evaluated with available observations 15 species from surface stations and/or aircraft campaigns. The effect grid-resolution was studied by comparing measurements to runs at a high (∼1.9° × 1.9°) reduced resolution. This study follow-up previous paper where described results ozone were discussed. A statistical analysis complete comparison each also presented in order serve as quantitative baseline future evaluations. seasonality magnitude CO abundance well simulated except an overestimate up 20 nmol/mol southern low latitudes. mean methane lifetime calculated be 8.7 9.1 years high- low-resolution run, respectively, agreement recent estimates. Industrial emissions alkanes North America appear too current data set. Indications biogenic source propane found over Amazon rain forest. Alkene oceans are underestimated indicating that they higher than suggested. Nitrogen mostly reproduced within factor 2 or better, but general bias underestimate HNO3 overpredict peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), especially remote regions could found. NO lower mid troposphere, significantly understimated upper troposphere. sensitivity run shows needed better constrain rate constants thermal equilibrium PAN. Acetone often additional wide-spread sources, likely oceanic, present. other oxygenated (acetaldehyde, methanol, formic acetic acid) indicates severe gaps our understanding present budgets these species. In particular acetaldehyde implies large missing sources (order 100 Tg/yr) this compound.