Rail transportation by hydrogen vs. electrification – Case study for Ontario, Canada, II: Energy supply and distribution

摘要: Abstract Locomotives offer an efficient mode of transportation when compared to buses, personal vehicles or airplanes for mass over frequent intercity distances. For example, a Bombardier Regina EMU train with 272 seats and load factor 53% will consume under 0.07 kWh/passenger-km, which is typically much lower than corresponding values other modes in similar circumstances. European countries have invested significantly the years electrification. Environmentally friendly methods transferring power wheels are direct electrification hydrogen fuel cells. Various produce utilization cell operation examined this paper. This companion paper 2-paper set examines overall impact energy supply (hydrogen vs. electricity) distribution on rail transportation, specifically terms costs GHG emissions case study GO transit along Lakeshore corridor Toronto. Although services simplifies some aspects operation, considered alone, electrified trains lose their flexibility serve cities outside corridor. Hydrogen fuelled can provide smoother transition interoperability by operating same routes stations served diesel today, without being limited evaluates technological, operational economic corridor, versus including infrastructure requirements service substantial ridership increase projected 2015–2031. production presented analysed, order evaluate life cycle various alternatives.