Fluid therapy and outcome: balance is best.

摘要: The use of intravenous fluids is routine in patients undergoing surgery or critical illness; however, controversy still exists regarding optimum fluid therapy. Recent literature has examined the effects different types, doses, and timing Each these factors may influence patient outcomes. Crystalloids consist isotonic saline balanced electrolyte solutions widely distribute across extracellular compartments, whereas colloids contain high-molecular-weight molecules suspended crystalloid carrier solution do not freely compartments. Colloids vary composition associated potential adverse effects. evidence highlighted safety ethical concerns colloid critically ill patients, particularly synthetic starch solutions. which have been with increased morbidity mortality. Crystalloid a chloride-rich (e.g., saline) metabolic acidosis, hyperchloremia, incidence acute kidney injury, requirement for renal replacement An dose remains controversial no definitive to support restrictive versus liberal approaches. Further high-quality trials are needed elucidate therapy but currently approach type, dose, recommended.