作者: Ayça Yilmaz , Dilek Helvacioğlu Yiğit
DOI: 10.17096/JIUFD.48743
关键词:
摘要: Nickel-titanium rotary instrument systems are used widely in endodontic practice. The clinical success of these have been shown many studies. Retreatment is the one most challenging treatment procedures. Conventional nickel-titanium had for retreatment before, however problems associated with use forced companies to produce specially retreatment. This article reviews current systems, technical characteristics application protocol and studies investigating systems.